It is in a single-part form.

The form consists of a (measures 1-8) + a1 (measures 9-24) + Coda (measures 25-28).

The key is A minor. The main motif is constructed from arpeggiated lines, and a significant characteristic of this piece is the absence of non-harmonic tones. Commonalities such as its slow tempo, minor key, arpeggiated lines, and ascending motion evoke an association with Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata (Piano Sonata Op. 27 No. 2, First Movement), an association further reinforced by the work's title.

Measures 17-24 feature a prominent cadential formula (I second inversion → V7), which should be regarded as a significant harmonic progression from a harmonic perspective.