The title 'Arabesque' signifies 'in the Arabian style,' referring to the arabesque patterns found in Arabian architecture and crafts. In music, this term is also used for compositions of a decorative nature, reminiscent of these patterns; its first use in this context was by Schumann.

The piece is written in rondo form with a coda and is divided into six sections.

The first section is in C major, 2/4 time, with the indication 'Leicht und zart' (Lightly and tenderly). The melody, characterized by dotted rhythms, unfolds delicately and romantically, interwoven with the inner voices. The second section is marked "短調特" (Minor special) and serves as an episodic passage in E minor at a slightly slower tempo. It is written in four voices, with the soprano and tenor playing the melody in unison, exhibiting a somewhat melancholic demeanor. The third section is a recapitulation of the first section. The fourth section is marked "短調監" (Minor supervision) and features an A minor figuration, a transformation of the first section's melody, which develops dramatically. The fifth section is also a recapitulation of the first section. The sixth section is the coda. A leisurely melody resonates elegantly and dreamily in the distance, bringing the piece to a quiet close.