French composer. Among his works featuring piano are the twelve-tone Variations for Piano and 10 Instruments (1947) and the Piano Concerto (1954). He studied with Messiaen at the Paris Conservatoire, and after graduating, he also studied with Leibowitz. After Variations for Piano and 10 Instruments, his style shifted towards a more socialist aesthetic around 1950, but around the time of the Piano Concerto, his style changed again, and he began composing more traditional works rather than avant-garde ones.